GrippeCanadaV3, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000184

Serological evidence for the presence of influenza D virus in small ruminants.

Identifieur interne : 000184 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000183; suivant : 000185

Serological evidence for the presence of influenza D virus in small ruminants.

Auteurs : Megan Quast [États-Unis] ; Chithra Sreenivasan [États-Unis] ; Gabriel Sexton [États-Unis] ; Hunter Nedland [États-Unis] ; Aaron Singrey [États-Unis] ; Linda Fawcett [États-Unis] ; Grant Miller [États-Unis] ; Dale Lauer [États-Unis] ; Shauna Voss [États-Unis] ; Stacy Pollock [États-Unis] ; Cristina W. Cunha [États-Unis] ; Jane Christopher-Hennings [États-Unis] ; Eric Nelson [États-Unis] ; Feng Li [États-Unis]

Source :

Veterinary microbiology [ 1873-2542 ] ; 2015.

RBID : pubmed:26414999

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Animaux, Animaux domestiques (virologie), Anticorps antiviraux (sang), Canada, Capra (virologie), Dindons (virologie), Infections à Orthomyxoviridae (médecine vétérinaire), Maladies des chèvres (virologie), Maladies des ovins (virologie), Ovis, Ovis aries (virologie), Poulets (virologie), Ruminants (virologie), Test ELISA (médecine vétérinaire), Tests d'inhibition de l'hémagglutination, Tests de neutralisation, Thogotovirus (isolement et purification), États-Unis d'Amérique, Études séroépidémiologiques.
MESH :
- isolement et purification : Thogotovirus.
- médecine vétérinaire : Infections à Orthomyxoviridae, Test ELISA.
- sang : Anticorps antiviraux.
- virologie : Animaux domestiques, Capra, Dindons, Maladies des chèvres, Maladies des ovins, Ovis aries, Poulets, Ruminants.
- Animaux, Canada, Ovis, Tests d'inhibition de l'hémagglutination, Tests de neutralisation, États-Unis d'Amérique, Études séroépidémiologiques.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Animals, Animals, Domestic (virology), Antibodies, Viral (blood), Canada, Chickens (virology), Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (veterinary), Goat Diseases (virology), Goats (virology), Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests, Neutralization Tests, Orthomyxoviridae Infections (veterinary), Ruminants (virology), Seroepidemiologic Studies, Sheep, Sheep Diseases (virology), Sheep, Domestic (virology), Thogotovirus (isolation & purification), Turkeys (virology), United States.
MESH :
- chemical , blood : Antibodies, Viral.
- isolation & purification : Thogotovirus.
- veterinary : Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Orthomyxoviridae Infections.
- virology : Animals, Domestic, Chickens, Goat Diseases, Goats, Ruminants, Sheep Diseases, Sheep, Domestic, Turkeys.
- Animals, Canada, Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests, Neutralization Tests, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Sheep, United States.

Abstract

Influenza D virus (FLUDV) was isolated from diseased pigs with respiratory disease symptoms in 2011, and since then the new virus has also been spread to cattle. Little is known about the susceptibility of other agricultural animals and poultry to FLUDV. This study was designed to determine if other farm animals such as goats, sheep, chickens, and turkey are possible hosts to this newly emerging influenza virus. 648 goat and sheep serum samples and 250 chicken and turkey serum samples were collected from 141 small ruminant and 25 poultry farms from different geographical locations in the United States and Canada. Serum samples were examined using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and the sheep and goat samples were further analyzed using the serum neutralization assay. Results of this study showed FLUDV antibodies were detected in 13.5% (17/126) of the sampled sheep farms, and 5.2% (29/557) of tested sheep serum samples were positive for FLUDV antibodies. For the goat results, the FLUDV antibodies were detected in 13.3% (2/15) of the sampled farms, and 8.8% (8/91) of the tested goat serum samples were positive for FLUDV antibodies. Furthermore, all tested poultry serum samples were negative for FLUDV antibodies. Our data demonstrated that sheep and goat are susceptible to FLUDV virus and multiple states in U.S. have this virus infection already in these two species. This new finding highlights a need for future surveillance of FLUDV virus in small ruminants toward better understanding both the origin and natural reservoir of this new virus.

DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.09.005
PubMed: 26414999

Affiliations:

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

to stream Main, to step Corpus: 000179
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Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Voss, Shauna" sort="Voss, Shauna" uniqKey="Voss S" first="Shauna" last="Voss">Shauna Voss</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Miller, Grant" sort="Miller, Grant" uniqKey="Miller G" first="Grant" last="Miller">Grant Miller</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Lauer, Dale" sort="Lauer, Dale" uniqKey="Lauer D" first="Dale" last="Lauer">Dale Lauer</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Voss, Shauna" sort="Voss, Shauna" uniqKey="Voss S" first="Shauna" last="Voss">Shauna Voss</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Pollock, Stacy" sort="Pollock, Stacy" uniqKey="Pollock S" first="Stacy" last="Pollock">Stacy Pollock</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Cunha, Cristina W" sort="Cunha, Cristina W" uniqKey="Cunha C" first="Cristina W" last="Cunha">Cristina W. Cunha</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164</wicri:regionArea>
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</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="Christopher Hennings, Jane" sort="Christopher Hennings, Jane" uniqKey="Christopher Hennings J" first="Jane" last="Christopher-Hennings">Jane Christopher-Hennings</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Nelson, Eric" sort="Nelson, Eric" uniqKey="Nelson E" first="Eric" last="Nelson">Eric Nelson</name>
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<term>Animals, Domestic (virology)</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (blood)</term>
<term>Canada</term>
<term>Chickens (virology)</term>
<term>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (veterinary)</term>
<term>Goat Diseases (virology)</term>
<term>Goats (virology)</term>
<term>Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests</term>
<term>Neutralization Tests</term>
<term>Orthomyxoviridae Infections (veterinary)</term>
<term>Ruminants (virology)</term>
<term>Seroepidemiologic Studies</term>
<term>Sheep</term>
<term>Sheep Diseases (virology)</term>
<term>Sheep, Domestic (virology)</term>
<term>Thogotovirus (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>Turkeys (virology)</term>
<term>United States</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term>
<term>Animaux domestiques (virologie)</term>
<term>Anticorps antiviraux (sang)</term>
<term>Canada</term>
<term>Capra (virologie)</term>
<term>Dindons (virologie)</term>
<term>Infections à Orthomyxoviridae (médecine vétérinaire)</term>
<term>Maladies des chèvres (virologie)</term>
<term>Maladies des ovins (virologie)</term>
<term>Ovis</term>
<term>Ovis aries (virologie)</term>
<term>Poulets (virologie)</term>
<term>Ruminants (virologie)</term>
<term>Test ELISA (médecine vétérinaire)</term>
<term>Tests d'inhibition de l'hémagglutination</term>
<term>Tests de neutralisation</term>
<term>Thogotovirus (isolement et purification)</term>
<term>États-Unis d'Amérique</term>
<term>Études séroépidémiologiques</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Antibodies, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Thogotovirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Thogotovirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="médecine vétérinaire" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à Orthomyxoviridae</term>
<term>Test ELISA</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anticorps antiviraux</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="veterinary" xml:lang="en"><term>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</term>
<term>Orthomyxoviridae Infections</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux domestiques</term>
<term>Capra</term>
<term>Dindons</term>
<term>Maladies des chèvres</term>
<term>Maladies des ovins</term>
<term>Ovis aries</term>
<term>Poulets</term>
<term>Ruminants</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals, Domestic</term>
<term>Chickens</term>
<term>Goat Diseases</term>
<term>Goats</term>
<term>Ruminants</term>
<term>Sheep Diseases</term>
<term>Sheep, Domestic</term>
<term>Turkeys</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Canada</term>
<term>Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests</term>
<term>Neutralization Tests</term>
<term>Seroepidemiologic Studies</term>
<term>Sheep</term>
<term>United States</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term>
<term>Canada</term>
<term>Ovis</term>
<term>Tests d'inhibition de l'hémagglutination</term>
<term>Tests de neutralisation</term>
<term>États-Unis d'Amérique</term>
<term>Études séroépidémiologiques</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Influenza D virus (FLUDV) was isolated from diseased pigs with respiratory disease symptoms in 2011, and since then the new virus has also been spread to cattle. Little is known about the susceptibility of other agricultural animals and poultry to FLUDV. This study was designed to determine if other farm animals such as goats, sheep, chickens, and turkey are possible hosts to this newly emerging influenza virus. 648 goat and sheep serum samples and 250 chicken and turkey serum samples were collected from 141 small ruminant and 25 poultry farms from different geographical locations in the United States and Canada. Serum samples were examined using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and the sheep and goat samples were further analyzed using the serum neutralization assay. Results of this study showed FLUDV antibodies were detected in 13.5% (17/126) of the sampled sheep farms, and 5.2% (29/557) of tested sheep serum samples were positive for FLUDV antibodies. For the goat results, the FLUDV antibodies were detected in 13.3% (2/15) of the sampled farms, and 8.8% (8/91) of the tested goat serum samples were positive for FLUDV antibodies. Furthermore, all tested poultry serum samples were negative for FLUDV antibodies. Our data demonstrated that sheep and goat are susceptible to FLUDV virus and multiple states in U.S. have this virus infection already in these two species. This new finding highlights a need for future surveillance of FLUDV virus in small ruminants toward better understanding both the origin and natural reservoir of this new virus. </div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Curated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26414999</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>26</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2018</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>02</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1873-2542</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>180</Volume>
<Issue>3-4</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>Nov</Month>
<Day>18</Day>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Veterinary microbiology</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Vet. Microbiol.</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Serological evidence for the presence of influenza D virus in small ruminants.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>281-285</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.09.005</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>Influenza D virus (FLUDV) was isolated from diseased pigs with respiratory disease symptoms in 2011, and since then the new virus has also been spread to cattle. Little is known about the susceptibility of other agricultural animals and poultry to FLUDV. This study was designed to determine if other farm animals such as goats, sheep, chickens, and turkey are possible hosts to this newly emerging influenza virus. 648 goat and sheep serum samples and 250 chicken and turkey serum samples were collected from 141 small ruminant and 25 poultry farms from different geographical locations in the United States and Canada. Serum samples were examined using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and the sheep and goat samples were further analyzed using the serum neutralization assay. Results of this study showed FLUDV antibodies were detected in 13.5% (17/126) of the sampled sheep farms, and 5.2% (29/557) of tested sheep serum samples were positive for FLUDV antibodies. For the goat results, the FLUDV antibodies were detected in 13.3% (2/15) of the sampled farms, and 8.8% (8/91) of the tested goat serum samples were positive for FLUDV antibodies. Furthermore, all tested poultry serum samples were negative for FLUDV antibodies. Our data demonstrated that sheep and goat are susceptible to FLUDV virus and multiple states in U.S. have this virus infection already in these two species. This new finding highlights a need for future surveillance of FLUDV virus in small ruminants toward better understanding both the origin and natural reservoir of this new virus. </AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y" EqualContrib="Y"><LastName>Quast</LastName>
<ForeName>Megan</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y" EqualContrib="Y"><LastName>Sreenivasan</LastName>
<ForeName>Chithra</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sexton</LastName>
<ForeName>Gabriel</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nedland</LastName>
<ForeName>Hunter</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Singrey</LastName>
<ForeName>Aaron</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fawcett</LastName>
<ForeName>Linda</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Miller</LastName>
<ForeName>Grant</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lauer</LastName>
<ForeName>Dale</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Minnesota Poultry Testing Laboratory, Willmar, MN 56201, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Voss</LastName>
<ForeName>Shauna</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Minnesota Poultry Testing Laboratory, Willmar, MN 56201, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pollock</LastName>
<ForeName>Stacy</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Minnesota Poultry Testing Laboratory, Willmar, MN 56201, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cunha</LastName>
<ForeName>Cristina W</ForeName>
<Initials>CW</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Christopher-Hennings</LastName>
<ForeName>Jane</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nelson</LastName>
<ForeName>Eric</ForeName>
<Initials>E</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName>
<ForeName>Feng</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>R21 AI107379</GrantID>
<Acronym>AI</Acronym>
<Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency>
<Country>United States</Country>
</Grant>
<Grant><GrantID>AI107379</GrantID>
<Acronym>AI</Acronym>
<Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency>
<Country>United States</Country>
</Grant>
</GrantList>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D052061">Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>14</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country>
<MedlineTA>Vet Microbiol</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>7705469</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0378-1135</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000914">Antibodies, Viral</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000829" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals, Domestic</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000914" MajorTopicYN="N">Antibodies, Viral</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="Y">blood</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002170" MajorTopicYN="N">Canada</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002645" MajorTopicYN="N">Chickens</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004797" MajorTopicYN="N">Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000662" MajorTopicYN="N">veterinary</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015511" MajorTopicYN="N">Goat Diseases</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006041" MajorTopicYN="N">Goats</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="Y">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006385" MajorTopicYN="N">Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009500" MajorTopicYN="N">Neutralization Tests</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009976" MajorTopicYN="N">Orthomyxoviridae Infections</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000662" MajorTopicYN="Y">veterinary</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012418" MajorTopicYN="N">Ruminants</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="Y">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016036" MajorTopicYN="N">Seroepidemiologic Studies</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012756" MajorTopicYN="N">Sheep</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012757" MajorTopicYN="N">Sheep Diseases</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D034561" MajorTopicYN="N">Sheep, Domestic</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="Y">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018117" MajorTopicYN="N">Thogotovirus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="Y">isolation & purification</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014422" MajorTopicYN="N">Turkeys</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014481" MajorTopicYN="N">United States</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Chicken</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Goats</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza virus</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Serology</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Sheep</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Turkey</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Type D</Keyword>
</KeywordList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>18</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>03</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>10</Day>
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<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>9</Month>
<Day>29</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
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<Hour>6</Hour>
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<Month>5</Month>
<Day>27</Day>
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</pubmed>
<affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Dakota du Sud</li>
<li>Minnesota</li>
<li>Washington (État)</li>
</region>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Dakota du Sud"><name sortKey="Quast, Megan" sort="Quast, Megan" uniqKey="Quast M" first="Megan" last="Quast">Megan Quast</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Christopher Hennings, Jane" sort="Christopher Hennings, Jane" uniqKey="Christopher Hennings J" first="Jane" last="Christopher-Hennings">Jane Christopher-Hennings</name>
<name sortKey="Cunha, Cristina W" sort="Cunha, Cristina W" uniqKey="Cunha C" first="Cristina W" last="Cunha">Cristina W. Cunha</name>
<name sortKey="Fawcett, Linda" sort="Fawcett, Linda" uniqKey="Fawcett L" first="Linda" last="Fawcett">Linda Fawcett</name>
<name sortKey="Lauer, Dale" sort="Lauer, Dale" uniqKey="Lauer D" first="Dale" last="Lauer">Dale Lauer</name>
<name sortKey="Li, Feng" sort="Li, Feng" uniqKey="Li F" first="Feng" last="Li">Feng Li</name>
<name sortKey="Li, Feng" sort="Li, Feng" uniqKey="Li F" first="Feng" last="Li">Feng Li</name>
<name sortKey="Miller, Grant" sort="Miller, Grant" uniqKey="Miller G" first="Grant" last="Miller">Grant Miller</name>
<name sortKey="Nedland, Hunter" sort="Nedland, Hunter" uniqKey="Nedland H" first="Hunter" last="Nedland">Hunter Nedland</name>
<name sortKey="Nelson, Eric" sort="Nelson, Eric" uniqKey="Nelson E" first="Eric" last="Nelson">Eric Nelson</name>
<name sortKey="Pollock, Stacy" sort="Pollock, Stacy" uniqKey="Pollock S" first="Stacy" last="Pollock">Stacy Pollock</name>
<name sortKey="Sexton, Gabriel" sort="Sexton, Gabriel" uniqKey="Sexton G" first="Gabriel" last="Sexton">Gabriel Sexton</name>
<name sortKey="Singrey, Aaron" sort="Singrey, Aaron" uniqKey="Singrey A" first="Aaron" last="Singrey">Aaron Singrey</name>
<name sortKey="Sreenivasan, Chithra" sort="Sreenivasan, Chithra" uniqKey="Sreenivasan C" first="Chithra" last="Sreenivasan">Chithra Sreenivasan</name>
<name sortKey="Voss, Shauna" sort="Voss, Shauna" uniqKey="Voss S" first="Shauna" last="Voss">Shauna Voss</name>
</country>
</tree>
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Serological evidence for the presence of influenza D virus in small ruminants.

Serological evidence for the presence of influenza D virus in small ruminants.

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